Seasonal and Permanent Migration in Burkina Faso
نویسنده
چکیده
This study examines the determinants of households’ decision to migrate from Burkina Faso to Cote d’Ivoire, a leading country in the Regional West African Union. The paper, unlike most of the previous works, uses a dataset constituted from a two-sided survey conducted in 2002 at the origin and the host country. Therefore, it enables to study two groups of migrants: the seasonal and the permanent migrant households. As the migrants are not randomly selected from the population, Heckman procedures are used to estimate consistent migration incomes. Then the structural model of migration decision is analyzed after correction for complex sampling schemes. The empirical results found significant effects of income differential on migration decision only for the case of permanent migration whereas other motivations explain the likelihood of being seasonal migrant. Among these factors are the need to diversify income sources, education, ethnic network, population density, social capital, use of modern agricultural inputs, natural resources endowments and their management. In the Sahel region of origin subject to unstable climate, households who stay home diversify their incomes sources through offfarm activities while others receive remittances, the later being a better risk pooling strategy. JEL Classifications: C25, F15, F22, R23, J31
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